Languages of Canada at a glance
- 109living languages
- 19language families
- 38.8 millionpeople (CLDR estimate)
- 32with a CLDR share
Tap the map to list every language whose area covers a spot in Canada. Areas are generalisations from published atlases and overlap, and a language that is mapped here is not necessarily spoken everywhere inside its area.
The 40 most widely spoken languages in Canada
Languages with a Unicode CLDR share come first, biggest first by estimated speakers; the rest follow A to Z. Estimated speakers are the share applied to CLDR’s own population figure for the country.
| Language | Family | Share of population | Estimated speakers | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | Indo-European | 87% | 33,751,476 | Not endangered |
| French | Indo-European | 29% | 11,250,492 | Not endangered |
| Spanish | Indo-European | 3.2% | 1,241,434 | Not endangered |
| Mandarin Chinese | Sino-Tibetan | 2.7% | 1,047,460 | Not endangered |
| Eastern Panjabi | Indo-European | 2.6% | 1,008,665 | Not endangered |
| Standard Arabic | Afro-Asiatic | 2.3% | 892,280 | Not endangered |
| Hindi | Indo-European | 2.1% | 814,691 | Not endangered |
| Filipino | Austronesian | 2% | 775,896 | Not endangered |
| Yue Chinese | Sino-Tibetan | 2% | 775,896 | Not endangered |
| Italian | Indo-European | 1.5% | 581,922 | Not endangered |
| German | Indo-European | 1.2% | 465,538 | Not endangered |
| Urdu | Indo-European | 1.1% | 426,743 | Not endangered |
| Portuguese | Indo-European | 0.9% | 360,792 | Not endangered |
| Russian | Indo-European | 0.9% | 329,756 | Not endangered |
| Tamil | Dravidian | 0.7% | 252,166 | Not endangered |
| Vietnamese | Austroasiatic | 0.6% | 248,287 | Not endangered |
| Western Farsi | Indo-European | 0.6% | 236,648 | Not endangered |
| Gujarati | Indo-European | 0.6% | 225,010 | Not endangered |
| Korean | Koreanic | 0.6% | 217,251 | Not endangered |
| Polish | Indo-European | 0.6% | 217,251 | Not endangered |
| Serbian-Croatian-Bosnian | Indo-European | 0.4% | 166,818 | Not endangered |
| Modern Greek | Indo-European | 0.4% | 155,179 | Not endangered |
| Ukrainian | Indo-European | 0.4% | 139,661 | Threatened |
| Bengali | Indo-European | 0.3% | 128,023 | Not endangered |
| Romanian | Indo-European | 0.3% | 124,143 | Not endangered |
| Dutch | Indo-European | 0.3% | 116,384 | Not endangered |
| Japanese | Japonic | 0.3% | 104,746 | Not endangered |
| Eastern Canadian Inuktitut | Eskimo-Aleut | 0.2% | 85,349 | Threatened |
| Turkish | Turkic | 0.2% | 85,349 | Not endangered |
| Hungarian | Uralic | 0.2% | 69,831 | Not endangered |
| Somali | Afro-Asiatic | 0.2% | 62,072 | Not endangered |
| Plautdietsch | Indo-European | 0.1% | 42,674 | Shifting |
| Algonquin | Algic | Threatened | ||
| Assiniboine | Siouan | Shifting | ||
| Atikamekw | Algic | Threatened | ||
| Beaver | Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit | Moribund | ||
| Bella Coola | Salishan | Nearly extinct | ||
| Cayuga | Iroquoian | Moribund | ||
| Central Carrier | Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit | Moribund | ||
| Central Ojibwa | Algic | Shifting |
Read more: where is English spoken?
Language families in Canada
- Algic (24 languages)
- Indo-European (23 languages)
- Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit (19 languages)
- Salishan (9 languages)
- Iroquoian (5 languages)
- Wakashan (5 languages)
- Siouan (4 languages)
- Eskimo-Aleut (3 languages)
- Tsimshian (3 languages)
- Sino-Tibetan (2 languages)
- Afro-Asiatic (2 languages)
- Haida (2 languages)
- Austronesian (1 language)
- Dravidian (1 language)
- Austroasiatic (1 language)
- Koreanic (1 language)
- Japonic (1 language)
- Turkic (1 language)
- Uralic (1 language)
- Isolate (1 language)
All 109 languages in Canada, A to Z
- Algonquin
- Assiniboine
- Atikamekw
- Beaver
- Bella Coola
- Bengali
- Cayuga
- Central Carrier
- Central Ojibwa
- Chilcotin-Nicola
- Chipewyan
- Chippewa
- Comox
- Dakota
- Ditidaht
- Dogrib
- Dutch
- Eastern Canadian Inuktitut
- Eastern Ojibwa
- Eastern Panjabi
- Eastern Yiddish
- English
- Filipino
- French
- German
- Gitxsan
- Gujarati
- Gwich'in
- Haisla
- Halkomelem
- Han
- Heiltsuk-Oowekyala
- Heritage Michif
- Hindi
- Hungarian
- Hutterite German
- Italian
- Japanese
- Kaska
- Korean
- Kutenai
- Kwak'wala
- Lakota
- Lillooet
- Malecite-Passamaquoddy
- Mandarin Chinese
- Mi'kmaq
- Modern Greek
- Mohawk
- Montagnais
- Moose Cree
- Munsee
- Naskapi
- Nisga'a
- North Alaskan Inupiatun
- North Slavey
- Northern East Cree
- Northern Haida
- Northern Tutchone
- Northwestern Ojibwa
- Nuu-chah-nulth
- Okanagan
- Oneida
- Onondaga
- Ottawa
- Pennsylvania German
- Plains Cree
- Plautdietsch
- Polish
- Portuguese
- Potawatomi
- Romanian
- Russian
- Sarsi
- Sechelt
- Sekani
- Seneca
- Serbian-Croatian-Bosnian
- Severn Ojibwa
- Shuswap
- Siksika
- Somali
- South Slavey
- Southern Carrier
- Southern East Cree
- Southern Haida
- Southern Tutchone
- Southern-Coastal Tsimshian
- Spanish
- Squamish
- Standard Arabic
- Stoney
- Swampy Cree
- Tahltan
- Tamil
- Thompson
- Tlingit
- Turkish
- Ukrainian
- Upper Tanana
- Urdu
- Vietnamese
- Western Abenaki
- Western Canadian Inuktitut
- Western Farsi
- Western Ojibwa
- Witsuwit'en-Babine
- Woods Cree
- Yue Chinese
About these numbers
The list of languages in Canada comes from the overlap of Glottography and Glottolog language areas and positions with the country outline, together with the languages Glottolog assigns to the country. The shares come from Unicode CLDR release 48 and are estimates. See every source and licence.
Questions about languages in Canada
How many languages are spoken in Canada?
109 living languages are mapped in Canada, from 19 families, plus 1 language isolate. The number depends on how a catalogue decides where one language ends and another begins, so other sources give other totals.
What is the most spoken language in Canada?
By Unicode CLDR's estimate, English is spoken by 87% of the population, about 33,751,476 people, followed by French (29%). Shares are approximate, can add up to more than 100% because many people speak several languages, and only cover languages CLDR has a figure for.
Which language families are found in Canada?
Algic (24 languages), Indo-European (23 languages), Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit (19 languages), Salishan (9 languages) and Iroquoian (5 languages), and 14 more.