Where Malayalam is spoken
Malayalam is spoken in 6 countries: India, the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, Bahrain and 2 more. The table gives the share of each country’s people who speak it, from Unicode CLDR, where CLDR has a figure.
| Country | Share of population | Estimated speakers |
|---|---|---|
| India | 3.2% | 45,092,160 |
| United Arab Emirates | 7% | 702,254 |
| Malaysia | 0.2% | 51,847 |
| Bahrain | 3.3% | 51,707 |
| Singapore | 0.2% | 10,248 |
| Qatar | 0.3% | 6,380 |
Estimated speakers are the CLDR percentage applied to CLDR’s own population figure for the country, so they are rough. A country without a figure may still have speakers: it is listed because the language area, or Glottolog’s record, reaches it.
On the map, Malayalam is drawn as an area from Steever 2019 (Dravidian). The area was digitised by the Glottography project (doi:10.5281/zenodo.18643727), and the atlas is cited on the data sources page. Language areas are generalisations, and cities and borderlands are multilingual, so the outline does not mean that everyone inside it speaks Malayalam.
How many people speak Malayalam?
Wikidata gives about 37.1 million first-language speakers (Ethnologue, 2019). These figures are approximate: they come from different sources, years and definitions of a speaker.
Status: Not endangered. Glottolog lists it as not endangered: it is still being passed on to children.
Where Malayalam sits in the language family tree
Glottolog classifies Malayalam as follows, from the largest family down to the language itself.
- Dravidian
- South Dravidian
- South Dravidian I
- Tamil-Kannada
- Tamil-Kota
- Tamil-Toda
- Tamil-Irula
- Tamil-Kodagu
- Tamil-Malayalam
- Malayalamoid
- Malayalam
Related languages
Other languages in the Malayalamoid group (a selection):
- Aranadan (200 speakers)
- Vishavan (150 speakers)
- Allar
- Kadar
- Kanikkaran
- Kurichiya
- Malankuravan
- Malavedan
More about Malayalam
- Read about Malayalam on Wikipedia
- Dravidian languages map
- Languages spoken in India
- All languages, A to Z
Codes: ISO 639-3 mal, Glottolog mala1464. Glottolog macroarea: Eurasia.
Questions about Malayalam
Where is Malayalam spoken?
Malayalam is spoken in India, the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, Bahrain and 2 more. Unicode CLDR puts it at 3.2% of the population of India, which is about 45,092,160 people. On the map it is shown as an area from Steever 2019 (Dravidian).
How many people speak Malayalam?
Wikidata gives about 37.1 million first-language speakers (Ethnologue, 2019). Speaker numbers are approximate and differ between sources: counting who is a speaker, and whether to include second-language speakers, is not settled.
Which language family is Malayalam in?
Glottolog places Malayalam in the Dravidian family, in the branch South Dravidian, South Dravidian I, Tamil-Kannada, Tamil-Kota, Tamil-Toda, Tamil-Irula, Tamil-Kodagu, Tamil-Malayalam and Malayalamoid.